1.- INTRODUCTION TO CUSCO’S RICH HERITAGE
Cusco is popularly known as an iconic tourist destination, as it is one of the few places that successfully blends history, culture, nature, and the unique legacy of one of the world’s most impressive cultures. Historically, this city has been considered the center of the world since the Inca culture, as it is known to have been the epicenter of the entire Tahuantinsuyu empire. However, despite the passage of time, this city has managed to maintain and preserve its essence in a unique way. Through its narrow cobblestone streets, historic buildings that served as religious sites for the Inca culture, and ancient mansions and temples established during the colonial period, all of which provide a harmonious environment. Each of these places is also considered the Cusco points of interest, allowing travelers to enjoy a unique immersion in the cultural heritage that remains alive to this day.
1.1.- History of the Inca Capital
The origins of this city date back to Inca culture. It was founded and considered the epicenter of all civilization. For generations, it served as a political, cultural, and primarily spiritual center within the entire Andean region. Its imposing palaces and temples undoubtedly stand out, reflecting the skill and extensive architectural knowledge demanded by this culture. Most of them still display remains that have survived the passage of time and generations. In fact, many of these buildings were used as foundations or bases for later constructions during the colonial era, following the arrival of the Spanish. From this point on, the city of Cusco took a different course, becoming a point of origin for syncretism, which continues to this day, and is one of the main Cusco points of interest for thousands of travelers worldwide.
1.2.- The Best Time of Year
Cusco is located in the Andean region of Peru, so there are two fixed seasons throughout the year. The first season is known as the rainy season and is characterized mainly by a constant frequency of rainfall throughout the day. This occurs from November to April, with January and February being the wettest months. The second season, favored by many and also known as the dry season, is the best time of year to delight the Cusco points of interest, as the climate is more stable without rain, allowing for outdoor activities such as hiking or excursions. It is also a great opportunity to visit the surrounding areas of the city, where other unique experiences can be found, such as the Rainbow Mountain, the Humantay Lagoon, or the Sacred Valley. Of course, there’s always a better time to enjoy the Cusco points of interest, and this happens during the month of June, which is considered a festive month due to the Inti Raymi (Sun Festival), where the entire city is filled with color and joy. It’s also a great opportunity to immerse yourself in the living culture that has been passed down for generations.
1.3.- Height Recommendations
Before you start planning and considering things to do in Cusco, you should take into account that this city is located at 3,400 meters above sea level, which represents a major challenge for most travelers, as their home country is often at sea level and frequently causes altitude sickness. However, there are many practices to combat and even prevent it. The most important thing is to have enough time to rest properly without engaging in strenuous physical activities, which helps the body enjoy all activities calmly. This is complemented by drinking local herbal teas such as coca or muña, which help during this process. In addition, staying well hydrated by drinking plenty of water allows the body to oxygenate properly, thus reducing the time it takes for the body to adapt. Finally, it is very important to consider avoiding alcohol as much as possible, at least for the first few days.
2.- HISTORIC CENTER AND UNESCO WORLD HERITAGE SITES
The historic center is considered one of the most emblematic Cusco points of interest. Its main characteristic is the simulation that time has stood still, and it displays a peculiar combination of the beauty of Inca architecture with the refined craftsmanship developed during the colonial era. In fact, it has a significance that has transcended the world, as it has been declared a World Heritage Site by UNESCO in 1983, recognized for its beauty and cultural significance over time. It is home to the main buildings of Inca and colonial origin, thus creating an opportunity to appreciate the past and see how two cultures interact, dazzling visitors from around the world.
2.1.- Plaza de Armas
Also known as the main square of Cusco, it is considered the center of the city’s cultural and social context. Visiting this square is considered part of the list of things to do in Cusco since it is easily accessible from most accommodations. Its beauty is mainly centered on the extensive gardens that surround it, as well as the imposing colonial portals that intertwine, protecting the city’s most important religious buildings, such as the Cusco Cathedral and the Society of Jesus. This place is also very important because it was the center of religious activities during the Inca culture, so today you can see how both visitors and locals enjoy a relaxing time here.
2.2.- Cusco Cathedral
Popularly known as the Cathedral Basilica of Cusco, this is the most important religious building in the entire city. Its entire collection features altarpieces and paintings in the Baroque style, various altars made of wood and covered in gold leaf, and an extensive collection belonging to the Cusco school. It is undoubtedly also on the list of Cuzco things to do for world travelers. It is located in the city’s main square and is quite accessible for everyone.
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2.3.- Church of the Society of Jesus
This is a building that simultaneously showcases and represents the presence of the Jesuit order in the city of Cusco. Built in the 17th century, this church has one of the most impressive facades in the entire city, boasting a unique Baroque style. Inside, you can see a vast art collection. The main altar, carved directly from wood and then covered with gold leaf, is especially noteworthy. It is listed as the largest in all of Peru. Some adventurers manage to access the bell tower, where an unparalleled view can be enjoyed.
2.4.- Colonial Architecture
Another characteristic of the main square is that the entire area seems to have stopped in time, as the unique colonial architecture that exists here is one of the city’s main attractions. The presence of arches and balconies made exclusively of wood are a clear reflection of the extensive heritage and legacy left to us by the colony, which is preserved to this day as a symbol of identity. This allows for various strategic points for taking the best photos. At certain times of the year, such as June and July, these temples are considered important places where various activities such as the Festival of the Sun or the celebration of national holidays take place.
2.5.- Temple of the Sun (Qoricancha)
During the Inca period, this structure was considered the most sacred place in the entire culture and was dedicated exclusively to the worship of the sun. With the arrival of the Spanish, the temple was looted and destroyed, and the foundations were used to later build colonial structures, resulting in the Temple of Santo Domingo. However, the interior still retains the beauty of the Inca walls that were once part of the original temple, which at first glance recreate a mastery of stonework and construction.
2.6.- San Blas Neighborhood
This is one of the most iconic neighborhoods in the city, popularly known as the artisans’ neighborhood thanks to the artistic heritage that has been passed down for generations from this place. It is a charming space with a wide variety of tourist options, including accommodations and art galleries. It is also characterized by its narrow cobblestone streets that maintain the essence of Andean culture in the city of Cusco. These colonial buildings remain, recreating a bohemian atmosphere, making it an ideal place to add to your list of Cuzco things to do.
3.- MAJOR ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES WITHIN CUSCO
3.1.- Sacsayhuaman Fortress
This site is recognized as one of the main Cusco Peru attractions, thanks to the immense size of its construction. According to studies, many of the stones found here weigh more than 100 tons. Most impressive of all, it has been recorded that they were placed without mortar, providing clear evidence of the vast knowledge of Inca engineering. It is considered a ceremonial center, but also a military one, which is why it is named “fortress.” It is also a must-see because on June 24th of each year, it is the site of the main event of the Festival of the Sun or Inti Raymi. It also boasts one of the most impressive natural viewpoints in the city of Cusco.
3.2.- Tambomachay
One of the main archaeological sites located in the outskirts of Cusco, its importance was recognized as a place of worship for the water resource and from where many of the aqueducts connecting the various towns around Cusco originate. According to Andean belief, this place also served as a place of rest and spiritual retreat for the elite of the Inca culture.
3.3.- Puka Pukara
This is one of the most popular Cusco points of interest due to the peculiar characteristic that reflects an intense reddish hue on the stones that make up its construction at sunset. According to studies, this place primarily served as a control point in addition to being a military and administrative space. It was primarily used to observe the access points that represented Tambomachay for people coming from the Sacred Valley. It has a strategic location on an elevated point, allowing a panoramic view of the access points that connected to the Inca roads.
3.4.- Qenqo
Ideal for travelers seeking a better understanding of Andean cosmogony, this ceremonial space is considered one of the most visited Cusco points of interest in the city by locals and world travelers. It houses an area considered an archaeological center where you can see a set of canals containing altars, which, after study, have been directly linked to funerary practices in rituals, as well as the worship of the afterlife. It is also very attractive for its eucalyptus forest, which features immense trees creating a mysterious environment that has become popular with photography enthusiasts or as a place for spiritual retreats.
4.- FIRST ON THE LIST OF DESTINATIONS
“The emblematic city of Cusco stands out as the connection point that allows travelers to reach the Inca city of Machu Picchu. However, the list of Cuzco things to do is endless. From indoor activities such as visiting museums and historic centers, it is also possible to discover the cultural legacy that an ancient civilization has left behind in time.”
5.- FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS
- What are the top 10 things to see in Cusco?
There are many things to do in Cusco, but here’s a list of recommended places to visit:
- Seven Borreguitos Street
- San Blas Lookout
- San Cristóbal Lookout
- Plaza de Armas
- Sapantiana Aqueduct
- Cusco Cathedral
- Temple of the Sun (Qoricancha)
- San Pedro Market
- Saqsayhuaman
- Museum of Contemporary Art
- How many days do you need in Cusco?
To enjoy a comfortable adventure without rushing or being limited in time, it’s recommended to have at least 6 days to explore the main attractions of the city and its surroundings. This time is also insufficient if you’re looking to visit iconic sites such as Rainbow Mountain or the Inca city of Machu Picchu.
- What is the most important site to visit in Cusco?
There are 2 sites that hold this title as the most important place in the city: the first is the ancient Temple of the Sun, considered the most sacred site within the entire Inca culture, and the second is the main square, or Plaza de Armas, where the city’s main activities take place.
- Is Cusco worth visiting without going to Machu Picchu?
Yes, Cusco is a wonder in itself, as it contains a unique historical legacy as well as a culture that lives on in the people and in every place within the city itself, from the cobblestone streets that preserve the essence of Andean culture to the ancient colonial buildings that can still be appreciated today for their religious or historical legacy.
- What is the Cusco Tourist Ticket and is it worth it?
This is the special access ticket required to visit most of the city’s archaeological and cultural attractions. The general tourist ticket allows you access to a total of 15 attractions within the city and surrounding areas, such as the Sacred Valley.
- How do you deal with altitude sickness in Cusco?
The most important thing is to allow enough time to rest properly during the first day. It also helps to stay well hydrated, allowing the body to oxygenate, and to avoid heavy meals and alcohol.
- What is the best area to stay in Cusco?
Without a doubt, it is the historic center, as it is particularly close to the tourist attractions located near the main square. Another very pleasant place to spend the night is the San Blas neighborhood, where you can feel a bohemian and quieter atmosphere.
- Can you walk to most attractions in Cusco?
Cusco is a fairly small city, so most sites can be easily reached on foot. However, the archaeological sites in the surrounding area take a long time, and if you choose to walk, the best option is always to take a tourist transportation, as they are located in the upper part of the city.
- What are the must-try foods in Cusco?
Andean cuisine is varied and delicious, prepared with ancient culinary recipes that have been passed down for generations. It’s almost obligatory to try baked guinea pig, Andean trout, ají de gallina, and quinoa soup.
Now you have a little more information about what you can do during your next visit to Cusco. Don’t wait any longer, start planning your trip now. Auri Peru can help you organize a unique adventure. Just contact us now, and we’ll design the best trip of your life for you.
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